I avoid hunting on the same side of the fence as the cattle.  On a dairy farm, the farmer told me where he saw a big buck cross everyday. I sat where he said, after a short time I was surrounded by curious milk cows, all staring at me and seeming quite interested in me. They were not mean or anything, but I could not make them leave. Another time I tangled with some cattle that had come from out west, cows and calves. A cow ran me up a tree that I did not think I could climb.  I think sometimes deer move through grazed areas because the traveling is easier. Turkeys, on the other hand, love to hang out with cattle. There again, I have found the best way to call in a herd of milk cows is to sound off on a box call.

Most any private land in Texas has cattle on it, and the deer don't mind the cattle being there.
I've killed deer with cattle nearby. We feed cattle a supplement (range meal) during the winter out of free choice feeders. You'll see deer at the feeders as often as cattle, deer use the same trails as cattle. On horseback I've ridden right up on a gazillion deer before they figure things aren't quite right.....hogs are a different story. I've had many a shot at deer spoiled by hogs coming in.

I have pondered this question as well many times, as I frequently have cattle approach me when I am in the stand on the farm I hunt. I don't really think the cattle bother the deer. Deer are browsers and cattle are grazers, and they often eat diffferent foods. The cattle are always on the land, and I expect the deer are pretty used to them. I do admit, I hate it when the cattle disrupt my quiet morning, but I have to keep telling myself that it does not matter. If I thought it did, my stand time would be cut in half.

In the winter I often see mule deer mix in with the cattle or horses eating their hay. But not so much the rest of the time. They're on the same range, but not in proximity to each other.