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Main Boards => The Bowyer's Bench => Topic started by: mmattockx on November 09, 2020, 10:48:14 AM

Title: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: mmattockx on November 09, 2020, 10:48:14 AM
From an engineering standpoint there is no reason to use the same thickness of FG lams on both the belly and the back. The tension side is inherently stable and thinner glass can be used to utilize more of its potential. Yet almost everyone seems to use the same thickness of lam on both belly and back.

Why is that and what am I missing?


Thanks,
Mark
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Shredd on November 09, 2020, 07:50:25 PM
  all my glass is .040 so I just use that...  less sanding... i'm not sure that taking off .005 of glass on the back is going to do a whole lot... if was going for all out speed I might take it off and possibly gain a couple of fps... on bows 36# and under i will do a .035 belly and a .030 back...
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: kennym on November 09, 2020, 09:03:01 PM
I've done a couple like that but no bow with same specs to test against, so no help...
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Flem on November 10, 2020, 09:44:27 AM
Hey you found the can of worms I have been looking for! Not everybody uses the same thickness back and front. I believe your premise is sound and in fact I would take it a step further and say thickness is not as critical as proportion of glass to resin depending on where the laminate is located. More glass to resin on back and the opposite on the belly.
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Crooked Stic on November 10, 2020, 10:08:44 AM
Flem are you saying thinner belly glass than front glass?  Always heard that was a key to a hot rod bow but not durability.
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Flem on November 10, 2020, 10:23:37 AM
Not necessarily thinner, just a higher proportion of glass fibers on the back compared to the belly.
For instance Bearpaw's  glass to resin ratio is higher than Gordons, so to optimize the properties of each, Bearpaw on the back, Gordons on the belly. It's same premise as to why some bows are backed with Bamboo because of its high proportion of longitudinal fibers.
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: mmattockx on November 10, 2020, 10:56:46 AM
  all my glass is .040 so I just use that...  less sanding... i'm not sure that taking off .005 of glass on the back is going to do a whole lot...

I was thinking 0.030" on the back and 0.040" on the belly.

Your 'less sanding' comment brings to mind another question - how many of us routinely thickness sand their FG lams before use? What grit of paper do you use on your thickness sander when reducing the FG thickness?


Hey you found the can of worms I have been looking for!

<snip>

More glass to resin on back and the opposite on the belly.

 :biglaugh: Glad I could help.

Why would you want more resin on the belly side? It does little to carry the load in either tension or compression compared to the glass fibres. I do find the idea of mixing brands/types of lams to optimize the bow interesting. Another can of worms to crack open!


Mark
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Mark R on November 10, 2020, 11:08:21 AM
Well I just got done cooking a bow with bear paw .040 on the back and gordons .050 on the belly because that's what I had left. should be fine but i don't have anything similar to compare it to except a bow I did with identical core lay up but with bearpaw .040 glass back and belly which I sold to a friend so I'll check with him when I'm done with this one. There should be a difference but not sure yet how much.
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: mmattockx on November 10, 2020, 01:23:48 PM
Well I just got done cooking a bow with bear paw .040 on the back and gordons .050 on the belly because that's what I had left.

I'll be curious to hear how it turns out, please post an update here when you have it done.


Mark
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Flem on November 10, 2020, 04:42:55 PM
Well I just got done cooking a bow with bear paw .040 on the back and gordons .050 on the belly because that's what I had left. should be fine but i don't have anything similar to compare it to except a bow I did with identical core lay up but with bearpaw .040 glass back and belly which I sold to a friend so I'll check with him when I'm done with this one. There should be a difference but not sure yet how much.

Thats some good timing!
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Stagmitis on November 10, 2020, 08:33:58 PM
Mmattockx I fully agree with you.

Also Flem has a good point with regards to a higher glass to resin ratio on the back.....The stiffer the better and if you can shed weight on top of that its a bonus.

Ill open another can of worms......Woven glass on back and linear on belly....
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Mad Max on November 10, 2020, 08:54:41 PM
If they made glass  .035, .045, Also, I would use them ;)
I do grind .002/.003 off some times
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Flem on November 11, 2020, 11:24:43 AM
"Ill open another can of worms......Woven glass on back and linear on belly...."

Don't think woven fiber laminates have any advantage over linear ones. Unless you are making some seriously wide limbs or wings, which I know you are not Charles, there is a moderate percentage of material thats not really contributing to the overall performance of the bow. Dead weight. If you want to really increase the performance of your laminate, use "S" glass fibers instead of the commonly used "E" glass, its 40% stronger. 
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Stagmitis on November 12, 2020, 07:38:39 AM
I agree Flem and have been using and making laiminates with S2 for quite a while. The problem I have had wih the narrow bows is losing some backset after they are strung and shot even for a short period of time. The woven back which is stronger in tension ( I think?) than linear helps.
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Shredd on November 12, 2020, 09:14:11 AM
i don't want to be the stinker here but does any one have some facts or are we just discussing theories??

another words...  Has anyone built three or more exact bows and tried different glass thicknesses on each one and done testing for performance on each bow??  it would be cool to hear some solid proof and exact numbers of what the gains are...

i just want to add something that i feel is important when talking about performance and should not be over looked...

 imho...  if you are wanting more performance, limb shape and taper to give you optimal bending should be your top priority for best performance...  that's why some bows shoot 165 fps while others shoot 185 fps... that's a difference of 20 fps...  everything else seems to be secondary but does matter when going for best performance from a limb... 

i basically just want to make the statement that if you take the time to sand your glass to a specific
 thickness and glue it on limbs that are shooting 165 fps for a 2 fps gain, you are hustling backwards... Might as well take the time and invest it in a better limb shape that will get you over 180 fps and then if you choose shave that glass down to get optimal speed from your limbs...

in closing...  So before you go sanding your glass make sure you have optimal performance from your limbs otherwise it's like installing a high performance transmission to an engine with bad plugs and/or a clogged air filter...
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Flem on November 12, 2020, 09:29:32 AM
You are right Rich. But here's the thing, if you believe something to be true even though you have not quantified it, do you incorporate that knowledge or ignore it?

I agree Flem and have been using and making laiminates with S2 for quite a while. The problem I have had wih the narrow bows is losing some backset after they are strung and shot even for a short period of time. The woven back which is stronger in tension ( I think?) than linear helps.

No help here. I build my bows flat, straight and thick cored so they take 1/4"-1/2" of set. I like to know the wood is doing some work.
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Shredd on November 12, 2020, 10:18:44 AM
seeing is believing... in this craft for me it's sometimes hard to believe what i am told and through experience sometimes doubt my own beliefs...  i have been led down the wrong path a few times by others expert advice... at the same time i have believed something that seemed obvious and was common sense to me, i had been proven wrong by someone else's suggestion but only after i had physically made the efforts to prove it to myself first...

  as for ignoring or incorporating...  it all gets down to the worms... how many cans do you want to open??  once you reach close to optimal performance you have choices to ignore or incorporate to make small gains...  Just remember, are you willing to change a recipe that took you so long and hard to achieve to gain 2 fps...  it may turn out to be more worms and more time invested if things don't go the way you thought they would...  things get funny when you start maxing out a design and little changes could have adverse effects...  god knows i am not against experimenting but it's a matter if i want to take the time... as you see, you rarely see hard numbers and strict bow comparisons on this site... why?? because it takes a lot of time, dedication and exactness that few can or want to invest...

you often see the guy that says i really don't care how fast a bow shoots...  in the end, once i reach 185 to 190 fps i begin to cop the same attitude and i don't care how fast my bow shoots anymore...   :)

sorry if i ranted... been known to do that...
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: mmattockx on November 12, 2020, 10:45:06 AM
sorry if i ranted... been known to do that...

Rants are OK with me. You raise valid questions that need to be answered.

On your proposed testing of 3 or 4 similar bows, what variables do you keep constant? Back and side profiles, of course, but what else? Stack thickness? Draw weight? Something else?


Mark
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Mad Max on November 12, 2020, 11:11:48 AM
If they made glass  .035, .045, Also, I would use them ;)
I do grind .002/.003 off some times

Sanding 2 or 3 thousand off for me is just to get some humps out
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Stagmitis on November 12, 2020, 11:18:37 AM
One thing i wanted to clarify. There is an initial set after the bow comes off the form and profiled/ tillered. Usually 1/4 to 1/2 Like Flem indicated.  Then there is a secondary set that happens after the bow is strung and shot for a short period of time. This seconday set is momentary. When the bow is unstrung It springs back to the initial set incurred after a few minutes. This is the movement I dont like  :scared:
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Shredd on November 12, 2020, 11:31:53 AM
  i may have strict comparisons one or two times...  i can't remember on what...  but on my quest for performance the main thing that stayed a constant was  - my quest for performance -...    :laughing: funny but partially true...

   my constants were...

  -  limb shape, because i am working on that one design and stuck with that form unless i decide to
        trash it and try another
  -  bows 40 to 45 pound draw, because that is the average weight that men shoot
  -  glass thickness  .040 / .040
  -  profile somewhat but could vary just a bit...  that last bit of sanding could change how your limb
        bends and could nock off 2 to 3 fps...  i have actually had a bow shoot very fast with fatter tips
         and when i sanded them down i lost speed
  -  bow length, riser length

   what i did change and experiment a lot with is taper rates and built in wedges for speed and pad
    angles for stability and quietness....

     once you reach what you think is optimal for that design you could change limb length or riser length or profile and then start all over with your tapers again...
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Roy from Pa on November 12, 2020, 11:57:23 AM
Rich you have put in a lot time and effort into building fast bows that look awesome.

 :thumbsup: :thumbsup:
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Shredd on November 12, 2020, 12:10:13 PM
thanks bro... that means a lot to me...  wanted to quit about a 100 times...  i am a bit of a nutcase / mad scientist when it comes to something i am passionate about... 

   one of my passions now is playing pool and i am working on an invention right now to improve my game...
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: mmattockx on November 12, 2020, 12:42:05 PM
   my constants were...

I was thinking of just for testing the difference between equal thickness lams and unequal thickness lams. Otherwise the options/choices are near limitless.


Mark
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: kennym on November 12, 2020, 12:45:05 PM
I would think same core lams with 40/40 glass vs 50/30 glass would tell the tale.

Maybe when hunting winds down a bit ....
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: AndyTurner on November 12, 2020, 12:57:23 PM
From an engineering standpoint there is no reason to use the same thickness of FG lams on both the belly and the back. The tension side is inherently stable and thinner glass can be used to utilize more of its potential. Yet almost everyone seems to use the same thickness of lam on both belly and back.

Hi Mark. Thank you for bringing this up. I'm new to this but was thinking exactly the same thing.

GC-70-ULZ has a Tensile strength of 243000PSI. Use this for the Back.
GC-70-ULS has a Compressive strength of 119000PSI. Use X2 strips of this on the Belly giving 238000PSI
This in my "simple head" would give you a "Balanced Spring".

Can a grown up confirm/deny if I'm woofing up the wrong tree please?

Many thanks,
Andy
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Flem on November 12, 2020, 01:01:58 PM
thanks bro... that means a lot to me...  wanted to quit about a 100 times...  i am a bit of a nutcase / mad scientist when it comes to something i am passionate about... 

   one of my passions now is playing pool and i am working on an invention right now to improve my game...

Its a good thing to be passionate about you vocation or avocation. I suppose we all have our own "thing" that gets us excited to build the next bow. Does not really matter what you thing is, as long as you have one. My thing is to build a bow so smooth I have an out of body experience while shooting. :goldtooth:
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Shredd on November 12, 2020, 01:30:10 PM
   my constants were...

I was thinking of just for testing the difference between equal thickness lams and unequal thickness lams. Otherwise the options/choices are near limitless.


Mark

if i knew that and tested that i would have shared my info in the beginning of this thread...   :) :)
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Roy from Pa on November 12, 2020, 03:50:12 PM
Flem..
Your thing is to build a bow so smooth, you have an out of body experience while shooting. :goldtooth:

Depends for men can help:)
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Flem on November 12, 2020, 04:32:51 PM
Well I was thinking more like my consciousness, but since I'm full of dodo, I guess its the same thing  :laughing:
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Longcruise on November 12, 2020, 05:52:33 PM
I'm probably in the dark on all this, but my goal is to prevent set or string follow.  I'm playing with more compression resistance than tension.   
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: Mad Max on November 12, 2020, 07:06:13 PM
Well I was thinking more like my consciousness, but since I'm full of dodo, I guess its the same thing  :laughing:

You do hang up your diapers up on a clothesline :laughing: :laughing: :laughing:
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: mmattockx on November 12, 2020, 11:33:04 PM
Can a grown up confirm/deny if I'm woofing up the wrong tree please?

It doesn't work that way. Stiffness is what you need to balance, not ultimate tensile strength. There is no reason to balance the back and belly lams like that anyway, if one side is stiffer than the other the neutral axis shifts and the bending stresses balance out internally. Also important to note is that compression will cause a failure before tension will, because compression causes buckling failures and those occur well below the tensile limit of the material.

The reason I asked is because we don't get close to really using the maximum available performance of the fibreglass lams in a hand held bow, so better performance comes from finding ways to get a bit closer to the maximum the materials offer. Using a thinner lam on the back will work it harder and get a bit extra out of it (on a per mass basis), while also reducing limb weight some (fibreglass is much heavier than the wood core).


I'm probably in the dark on all this, but my goal is to prevent set or string follow.  I'm playing with more compression resistance than tension.   

The primitive bow flight shooters would agree that minimizing set is very important to maximum performance. I agree that compression is the problem, because tension doesn't appear to cause any form of set. It is all on the compression side that the damage occurs and reduces the performance.


Mark
Title: Re: Different Thickness FG Lams On Belly and Back?
Post by: AndyTurner on November 13, 2020, 04:55:16 AM
Thanks Mark, that makes sense.